{"id":1825,"date":"2023-03-03T09:52:11","date_gmt":"2023-03-03T09:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/?page_id=1825"},"modified":"2023-03-03T10:06:51","modified_gmt":"2023-03-03T10:06:51","slug":"virova-imunodeficience-kocek-fiv-o-nemoci","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/virova-imunodeficience-kocek-fiv-o-nemoci\/","title":{"rendered":"Virov\u00e1 imunodeficience ko\u010dek \u2013 FIV: O NEMOCI"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"banner has-hover\" id=\"banner-2037442800\">\n          <div class=\"banner-inner fill\">\n        <div class=\"banner-bg fill\" >\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cat-gecb866171_1920-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"bg attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"FIV o nemoci\" \/>                                    \n                    <\/div>\n\t\t\n        <div class=\"banner-layers container\">\n            <div class=\"fill banner-link\"><\/div>            \n\n   <div id=\"text-box-232003269\" class=\"text-box banner-layer x50 md-x50 lg-x50 y50 md-y50 lg-y50 res-text\">\n                                <div class=\"text-box-content text dark\">\n              \n              <div class=\"text-inner text-center\">\n                  \n\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">FIV\u00a0 \u00a0Virov\u00e1 imunodeficience ko\u010dek<\/h3>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">O NEMOCI<\/h4>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n              <\/div>\n           <\/div>\n                            \n<style>\n#text-box-232003269 {\n  width: 92%;\n}\n#text-box-232003269 .text-box-content {\n  font-size: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n    <\/div>\n \n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n            \n<style>\n#banner-2037442800 {\n  padding-top: 500px;\n}\n<\/style>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-67287750\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-67287750 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-1113799931\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-1113799931 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-209737025\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1898624644\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-828400738\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Virov\u00e1 imunodeficience ko\u010dek \u2013 FIV, neboli ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed AIDS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>FIV byl poprv\u00e9 izolov\u00e1n v roce 1986 Nielsem C Pedersenem a Janet K. Yamamotovou na UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine v kolonii ko\u010dek, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla vysokou prevalenci oportunn\u00edch infekc\u00ed a degenerativn\u00edch stav\u016f a p\u016fvodn\u011b se naz\u00fdvala ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed T-lymfotropn\u00ed virus. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee FIV poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Afriky odkud se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il na ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed druhy po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u0159\u00edtomnost viru je v ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed populaci p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b vysok\u00e1, nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je pozitivn\u00edch 5 % ko\u010dek.<\/p>\n<p>Infekce lentivirem, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje FIV, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ko\u010dkami velmi dlouho relativn\u011b dob\u0159e tolerov\u00e1na, tak\u017ee mnoho z nich navenek nevykazuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. To ale je do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou tak velk\u00e9ho roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed i p\u0159es relativn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd zp\u016fsob p\u0159enosu. FIV se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hlubok\u00fdmi ranami po kousnut\u00ed, kdy virus p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd ve slin\u00e1ch infikovan\u00e9 ko\u010dky pronik\u00e1 do t\u011blesn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9 ko\u010dky. Ko\u010dky FIV+ mohou sd\u00edlet misky na vodu, misky na krmivo a pou\u017e\u00edvat stejnou podest\u00fdlku s n\u00edzk\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm p\u0159enosu na zdrav\u00e9 jedince. Pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee ko\u010dka infikovan\u00e1 FIV p\u0159enese virus na jin\u00e9 ko\u010dky v dom\u00e1cnosti, je n\u00edzk\u00e1, pokud nedojde ke krvav\u00fdm \u0161arv\u00e1tk\u00e1m nebo pokud nejsou p\u0159\u00edtomny otev\u0159en\u00e9 r\u00e1ny, kter\u00e9 by mohly umo\u017enit pronik\u00e1n\u00ed viru do krve z infikovan\u00e9 na neinfikovanou ko\u010dku.<\/p>\n<p>Progn\u00f3za hodn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na p\u00e9\u010di, jakou majitel FIV pozitivn\u00ed ko\u010dce poskytuje. Pokud je spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem podporov\u00e1n imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a jsou l\u00e9\u010debn\u011b kompenzov\u00e1na oportunn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee pro\u017e\u00edt infikovan\u00e1 ko\u010dka dlouh\u00fd a plnohodnotn\u00fd \u017eivot. Bez p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de doch\u00e1z\u00ed k projev\u016fm vlekl\u00e9ho, nel\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9ho ch\u0159adnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nakonec kon\u010d\u00ed smrt\u00ed na\u00a0jinak ban\u00e1ln\u00ed infekce.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-828400738 {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n#text-828400738 > * {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"gap-1406229128\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-1406229128 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1668628280\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1194252128\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-4002914867\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<p><strong>P\u016fvodce a pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u016fvodcem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je virus, podle n\u011bho\u017e se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jmenuje, tedy virus FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus). Jedn\u00e1 se o lentivirus, kter\u00fd obsahuje dv\u011b vl\u00e1kna RNA z \u010deledi retroviridae. Retroviry se pomoc\u00ed enzymu reverzn\u00ed transkript\u00e1zy dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed za\u010dlenit p\u0159\u00edmo do DNA molekuly hostitelsk\u00e9 bu\u0148ky a jej\u00edm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vyvolat proces sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed reprodukce.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-4002914867 {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n#text-4002914867 > * {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-518172393\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1898112300\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner text-right\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-4053626088\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<p>FIV \u2013 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-4053626088 {\n  text-align: center;\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n#text-4053626088 > * {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_169682554\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"virus FIV\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI.jpg 800w, https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI-510x383.jpg 510w, https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/PDB_4fiv_EBI-500x375.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_169682554 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1023636107\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1675053115\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-1476951961\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<p>Pomno\u017een\u00ed viru vyvol\u00e1 n\u00e1stup n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed a\u017e t\u00fddn\u016f trvaj\u00edc\u00ed akutn\u00ed infekce. Projevy jsou sp\u00ed\u0161e nespecifick\u00e9, jako hore\u010dka, pr\u016fjem, z\u00e1n\u011bt spojivek, d\u00e1sn\u00ed, .. a r\u016fznou m\u00edrou intenzity. Pr\u016fvodn\u00edm jevem jsou zbytn\u011bl\u00e9 m\u00edzn\u00ed uzliny, kter\u00e9 b\u00fdvaj\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161eny i po odezn\u011bn\u00ed prvn\u00edch akutn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f nemoci.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed je pom\u011brn\u011b bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat mnoho let. Neznamen\u00e1 to v\u0161ak, \u017ee nemoc se zastavila, jen imunitn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu se do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry da\u0159\u00ed kompenzovat ztr\u00e1ty imunokompetentn\u00edch bun\u011bk a degradaci brzl\u00edku. B\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projev\u016fm d\u016fsledk\u016f oslaben\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Kone\u010dnou f\u00e1z\u00ed je stadium persistentn\u00ed generalizovan\u00e9 lymfadenopatie, kter\u00e9 vede k celkov\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed imunity. Ko\u010dka hubne, sni\u017euje se p\u0159\u00edjem potravy, objevuje se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 teplota a\u00a0znovu zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e9 uzliny. P\u0159\u00edznaky imunosuprese jsou zejm\u00e9na t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty d\u00e1sn\u00ed, chudokrevnost, chronick\u00e1 r\u00fdma a infekce d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed chronick\u00e9 infekce, infekce mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 imunitn\u00ed obrana vede k \u010dast\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm lymfom\u016f a leuk\u00e9mi\u00ed. Termin\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1dium kon\u010d\u00ed smrt\u00ed za p\u016fl roku, nejd\u00e9le v\u0161ak do dvou let. Dojde k multiorg\u00e1nov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, v\u010detn\u011b nervov\u00e9 soustavy a mozku.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky slab\u00e9 imunit\u011b se krom\u011b jin\u00fdch infekc\u00ed FIV \u010dasto kombinuje s FeLV a FIP. Imunosuprimovan\u00fd jedinec nedisponuje dostate\u010dnou schopnost\u00ed imunity potla\u010dit enter\u00e1ln\u00ed infekci FeCoV a u\u017e v\u016fbec generalizovan\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed FIP. B\u011bhem soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby t\u011bchto nemoc\u00ed je t\u0159eba vysok\u00fdch d\u00e1vek antivirotik a v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 podpora imunity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnostika:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch FIV na nemoc klinicky poukazuj\u00ed projevy imunosuprese, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty d\u00e1sn\u00ed, ob\u010dasn\u00e9 respira\u010dn\u00ed infekce, kter\u00e9 nezvykle dlouho odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed terapii. S postupuj\u00edc\u00edm procesem likvidace imunity se p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed doprovodn\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm diagnostick\u00fdm testem je ELISA \u2013 detekce protil\u00e1tek. Fale\u0161n\u011b pozitivn\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledky u ml\u00e1\u010fat, kter\u00e1 s\u00e1la ml\u00e9ko FIV pozitivn\u00ed matky a to a\u017e po dobu 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Chybn\u011b negativn\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt na po\u010d\u00e1tku, kdy je infekce je\u0161t\u011b slab\u00e1 a tak\u00e9 na konci, kdy je imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m v kolapsu a protil\u00e1tky netvo\u0159\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed metody jsou blotting a imunofluorescence a stanoven\u00ed PCR z krve.<\/p>\n<p>FIV naru\u0161uje imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m ko\u010dek t\u00edm, \u017ee infikuje mnoho typ\u016f bun\u011bk, v\u010detn\u011b CD4+ a CD8+ T lymfocyt\u016f, B lymfocyt\u016f a makrof\u00e1g\u016f. Ke kone\u010dn\u00e9mu kolapsu doch\u00e1z\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00edm T-pomocn\u00fdch (CD4+) bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n<div class=\"blog-share text-center\">\u00a0<\/div>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-1476951961 {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n#text-1476951961 > * {\n  color: rgb(0,0,0);\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1825","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1825"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1825\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proboostnow.eu\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}